Grader.



L. u. MORSGHER.

GEADBR.

AIPLIOATION FILED 001219, 1908.

Patented Sept 13,1910.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LAWRENCE N. MORSCI-IER, OF LAWRENCE, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR T0 HIMSELF, AND WILLIAM J'. EHRSAM, OF ENTERPRISE, KANSAS, CO'IRUS'IEES.

GRADEB.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Sept, 13, 1910,

Application filed October 19, 1908.

Serial No. 458,558.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE N. Monsonnn, a citizen of the United. States, residing at Lawrence, in the county of Douglas and State of Kansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Graders, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to produce an apparatus by means of which particles may be separated into difl'erent grades by means of the effect of a deflecting fluid stream caused to enter transversely a flaring envelop of particles.

The accompanying drawing illustrates my invention, Figure 1 being an axial section, diagrammatic in character but fully explanatory, no attempt whatever being made to even approximate proportions for the'reason that exact proportions of any particular -machine would be dependent upon the particular material to be graded. Fig. 2 a detail of one of the tubes 18, adjacent tube 22 and associated parts.

' In the drawings, 10 indicates a suitable inclosing casing through the various parts-of which fluid currents may be established. In

the present structure the fluid current in-' tended to be used is air, but it is to be understood that adifierent fluid current may be used without departing from the spirit of my invention. Arranged within the casin 10 is a series of partitions 11, 12, 13, 14L an 4L1, which form chambers 15, 16, 17 and a2,

having communication with the interior of the main casing througliI valves 15', and 42 respectively. ounted in partition 11 are anumber of small cylindrical tubes 18, the receiving end of each of which communicates with the interior of the main cas- K ing and the flared discharging end 19 givesaccess to the interior of chamber 15. Mount- 1 ed within each tube 18 are deflecting means by which the particle-laden fluid currentthe deflectors 20, will be given a helical 18 is a feed chute 21 through which a stream of particles to be graded may be delivered.

' Arranged in alinement with each tube 18 and mounted within partition 12, is a tube 22 having deflecting means 20 therein and having a discharge end 23. Similarly tubes 24 are mounted in artition 13: and said tubes are provided with deflectors 20 and a discharge end 25, and mounted in partition l t are tubes 30 which aline with tubes 24.

' compartment Mounted in the final partition 41, in alinement with tubes 24:, are tubes 26 which discharge into the main body of the casing 10. The several tubes may be of the same diametcr, as shown in the upper part of the figure, or said tubes may be successively increased in diameter as shown in the lower part of the figure.

In order that strings, small sticks, etc., may-not operate to clog the deflectors 20, I find it convenient at times to provide the initial tube 18 with an auger-like deflector 31 having a pointed receiving end 32 and of less diameter than the interior of the tube so that particles, like strings, will, when engaged by the receiving end 32, be caused to pass to the exterior of the auger, pass freely between it and the interior of the tube, and be thrown outward from the tube at its discharge end.

Aiiy suitable means may be provided to produce fluid currents and a particle current of sufficiently high velocities and of a maintained ratio, but probably the most convenient means is an ordinary centrifugal fan 35, the eye of which communicates with that part of the interior casing 10 into which tubes 26 discharge and the discharge chute 36 of which communicates with rec'eiving ends of tubes 18 and passes the several valves 15, 16 and 17.

The operation is as follows :--The fan being set in motion, fluid currents are established through the several tubes and, by reason of the supply of air entering the receiving ends-of tubes 18, and also by reason of the supply of air entering the other tubes from the particular compartments from which their receiving ends lead, the stream of particles passing down through a chute 21 will be delivered into one of the tubes 18 and there become mingled with the fluid current entering said tube and, by reason of movement which thus causes the particles to assume the form of an envelop for the initial fluid current. When the' particles reach the discharge end of tube 18 all of the particles of the envelop are projected in a flaring trajector tending to carry said particles out of the line of the tube and into 15. The particular trajectories will depend upon the initial velocities both angular and translatory, and upon the conformation of the discharge end ht the tube. It is to be understood that the discharge ends of the tubes nee not be flared, as shown in the drawings, but, on the contrary, they may be kept straight, or even choked, without departing from the spirit of my invention. The projected particles as they leave the tube 18, are met by a fiui burr'ent which has entered through valve 15 and is passing into the receiving end of tube 22. The particles of difiering masses issuing from the tube 18 will therefore be deflected to a greater or lesser extent and those which are deflected to the greatest extent will be carried back into alinement with tube 22 and pass, with the augmented fluid current, into said tube where the action already described is repeated. In the form shown in the upper part of the drawing, where the tubes are of uniform diameter, the translatory velocity increases because of the increase of volume of fluid current. The amount of this increase of velocity may be controlled, to a certain extent,.by an adjustment of the controlling valves 15, 16 and 17 The angular velocity, and to some extent the translatory velocityJnay also be controlled by a variation of inclination of the deflecting vanes. In the form shown in the lower part of the figure the velocities may be determined by the increase in di ameter of thetubes and, if desired, a variation of inclination of the vanes and a set ting of the valves, in the manner already described.

I claim as my invention:

1. The combination,- of a plurality of alined but axially separated tubes, means associated therewith for producing a helical movement of a particle laden fluid current through said tubes, means for delivering a multiplicity of particles to the first of said tubes, and means for establishing a deflecting fluid current between the separated adjacent ends of said tubes and from thence into and through the advance tube in opposition to the issuance of projected particles from the preceding tubes.

2. The combination, of a plurality, of

alined but axially separated tubes,xdefiectors arranged within for prod eing ya helical movement of a particle-lade through said tubes,-means for delivering a multiplicity of particles to the first one 0t said tubes, and means for establishing a deflecting fluid current between the separated adjacent ends of said tubes and trom'thence rated tubes, the first having an outwari. y

into and through the advance tube in cape sition to the issuance of projected particles from the preceding tu es;

3. The combination of two alined tubes the first having an outwardly flaring unobstructed discharge end adjacent but separated from the receiving end of the other tube, means for delivering a particle-lad fluid-stream to the receiving end of the fi tube and for establishing a helical moveme t of the said stream in said first tube, and" means for introducing a deflecting fluid StlgEELlYl into the receiving end of said second tu e.

4. The combination of two alined separated tubes, the first having an' outwardly flaring delivery end delivering to the second, a helical deflector arranged in said-first tube, means for delivering a particledaden fluidstream to the receiving end of the first tube, and means for introducing a deflecting fluid stream between the adjacent ends of the two tubes and from thence into and through the second tube. 80

5. The combination of two alined 'separated tubes, a delivery chute delivering to the receiving end of the first tube, meansassociatcd with the first tube for imparting a radial force to particles traversing said tube, a collecting chamber surrounding the separated adjacent ends of the two tubes and having an-air inlet, and a suction fan c nected with the discharge fendof the sec'o d tube, whereby the air current will enter second tube, between the adjacent ends io:

' the two tubes and pass through said second tube toward the fan. 6. The combinationof two alined sepa flaring. delivery end ,delivefingxttlthe 0nd, a helical deflector arrangedinzsai'd tube, a delivery chutejdeliveringto the e'-' ceiving end of the first tube, a \bgllecting chamber surrounding the? separated ,:adj-acent ends of the twotubes and having an air inlet, and a suction fan' connectedwith the discharge end of thesecondtube. f

In witness whereof, l-hav'e hereunto-set my hand and seal at Indianapoiisndiana',-10 5 this sixth day =of.--October;'; =A all. one thousand nine hundred and; Right.

tiwanhcn iiij'noits Witnesses:

, ARTHUR M. Hoop,

THOMAS W. MoMEANs; 

